Hunter, department of chemistry, youngstown state university chemistry 1506. The naming conventions for these compounds are similar to those for alkanes. The complete structural and molecular formula for a variety of hydrocarbons. Choose from 500 different sets of alkanes formulas chemistry flashcards on quizlet. Hunters class section 2 notes page 129 20002002, dr.
Cng, petrol, diesel are used as fuels for automobiles. In this century, the need for standardization was recognized. Rules underlying iupac nomenclature of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are discussed below. These are called alkadienes and have the same general formula as alkynes c n h 2n2 if this is the case, indicate both numbers where the double bond is formed, and change the suffix to diene. Properties of alkenes and alkynes chemical properties undergo combustion as do alkanes. Introduction to alkenes and alkynes in an alkane, all covalent bonds. Compounds with at least one double or triple bond 2. Chapter 8 alkenes and alkynes i alkene hydrocarbons.
First four alkanes are used as a fuel mainly for heating and cooking purpose. Compound with only single bonds unsaturated hydrocarbons. They react rapidly with bromine, for example, to add a br 2 molecule across the cc double bond. Hydrocarbon hydrocarbon nomenclature of alkenes and alkynes. Learn alkanes formulas chemistry with free interactive flashcards.
The nomenclature for alkanes is based on to name an alkane, first identify the. Alkynes are similar to alkenes in both physical and chemical properties. Hydrocarbon nomenclature of alkenes and alkynes britannica. Most reactions of alkenes involve additions to this pi bond, forming new single bonds. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds, so the study of organic chemistry is important because all living things are based on carbon compounds. Methane gas is the first member of the homologous series of alkanes. Alkane and cycloalkane properties boiling points boiling points are dependent upon. Most alkynes are less dense than water they float on top of water, but there are a few exceptions. The names the halogen is treated as a substituent on an alkane chain. Alkenes and alkynes, on the other hand, are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Alkene and alkyne compounds are named by identifying the longest carbon chain that contains both carbons of the. Compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen saturated hydrocarbons. Ks4 organic chemistry alkanes and alkenes student copy. Alkenesalkynes concept chemistry video by brightstorm. Reaction in which the elements of water h and oh are. Their properties are similar to those of alkanes meaning that they are nonpolar, have low solubility in water and have low melting and boiling points. Alkenes contain a double bond between carbons, and alkynes contain a triple bond between carbons. May 04, 2017 the addition reactions of alkenes are the big start of going deep into organic reaction mechanisms in the upcoming topics such as alkynes, radical reactions, aromatic compounds and most of the others. For example, alkynes undergo many of the typical addition reactions of alkenes.
Generally as molecular weight increases, boiling point increases. Nonpolar, therefore boiling points depend on size and shape. Historically, chemists developed names for new compounds without any systematic guidelines. Physical properties nonpolar and insoluble in water as are alkanes. Determination of an equilibrium constant using spectroscopy potassium permanganate alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. Additions are the most common reactions using alkenes and alkynes addition to.
Hydrocarbons are molecules composed of only hydrogen and carbon. Methods of preparation of alkynes by dehydrohalogenation of. Showing top 8 worksheets in the category naming alkanes alkenes and alkynes. Alkanes are comprised of all single bonds and are saturated hydrocarbons. Acetylene itself is formed from the reaction of the inorganic compound calcium carbide with water. Jun 20, 2018 alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are similar in name but they are slightly different.
Determination of the % fe in an unknown by titration. Organic chemistry university of california riverside. Start studying alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, etc learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. They are named differently from alkanes single bonded hydrocarbons because it is necessary to denote double and triple bonds. Alkynes are generally nonpolar molecules with little solubility in polar solvents, such as water. Organic nomenclature alkanes, alkenes, alkynes naming organic compounds can be a challenge to any chemist at any level. Naming alkenes and alkynes alkynes named just like alkenes using suffix yne number main chain so triple bond receives as low a number as possible alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl groups. Alkanes, alkenes and alkynes a hydrocarbon that contains no double bonds is called an alkane, or hydrocarbon containing only single bonds.
Like the alkanes and alkenes, alkynes of four or fewer carbon atoms tend to be gases. We give alkenes iupac names by replacing the ane ending of the corresponding alkane with ene. Alkane alkene alkyne worksheet imperialdesignstudio with. In an alkane, all 4 4 4 valencies of the carbon atom are satisfied with other hydrogen atoms. Reduction of alkenealkyne n alkyl halides iijeeneet duration. Includes examples from the alkane, alkene and alkyne series. For each write the correct tupac namc for cach, draw a structural diagram inc, condensed or complete 17. Reaction in which halogen is introduced into a molecule 3 hydration. Naming alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes chemistry socratic. Unsaturated hydrocarbons such as alkenes and alkynes are much more reactive than the parent alkanes. In naming hydrocarbons, one must know the number of carbons, to identify the prefix, and the number of bonds, to identify the suffix.
Alkanes is hydrocarbon compound with one single bond. Both alkenes and alkynes are saturated hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons alkanes, alkenes and alkynes chemical formula. Higher alkenes and alkynes are named by counting the number of carbons in the longest continuous chain that includes the double or triple bond and appending an ene alkene or yne alkyne suffix to the stem name of the. Alkynes are, however, more polar than alkanes or alkenes, as a result of the electron density near the triple bond. Ethylene and acetylene are synonyms in the iupac nomenclature system for ethene and ethyne, respectively. Study guide chap 1920 alkanes, alkenes and alkynes carbon. Alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds hydrocarbons with multiple bonds outline. In organic chemistry, an alkene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains a carboncarbon. This reaction provides a way to test for alkenes or alkynes.
Alkenes and alkynes are double and triple bonded hydrocarbons. Saturated compounds contain single bonds only and unsaturated compounds contain double or triple bonds. A hydrocarbon molecule contains only carbon and hydrogen. Alkenes having one double bond, thus lost 2 hydrogens or alkynes a triple bond. Some of the worksheets displayed are naming and drawing alkenes work and key, alkenes and alkynes work and key02 25 10, naming alkynes work 1 c4 305, work naming and drawing alkanes, naming organic compounds alkanes, naming organic compounds practice, alkanes and alkenes work. This method was once an important industrial process for the manufacture of acetylene.
Organic reactions summary alkenes, alkynes and variations. Identify each as an alkane, an alkene, or an alkyne. Free online alkanes alkenes and alkynes practice and. Alkanes are hydrocarbons that have only carboncarbon. It is possible for a molecule to have more than one double bond.
Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated bonds that contain one or more double or triple bonds e. The international union of pure and applied chemistry iupac names for alkynes parallel those of alkenes, except that the family ending is yne rather than ene. Ks4 organic chemistry alkanes and alkenes student copy free download as powerpoint presentation. As for the alkenes, it has for the very least double bonds compared to alkanes single bond. Click on each image to show or hide the proper name of the hydrocarbon and its molecular formula. In case of alkenes double bond linkages are seen and in alkynes, triple bond linkages are present. I talk about the difference between the three homologous series of hydrocarbons. Eventhough the use of them may overlaps in some cases, each of them is a compound on their own.
Naming alkenesnaming alkynes concept chemistry video by. Hydrocarbons are further divided into several structural types called, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and. Naming alkanes alkenes and alkynes teacher worksheets. Naming and drawing alkynes and cyclic hydrocarbons date. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. Unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds and are quite reactive. All uses of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes in industry and. Organic chemistryalkynes wikibooks, open books for an open. The physical properties of alkynes are very similar to those of the alkenes. Study guide chap 1920 alkanes, alkenes and alkynes 1 carboncarbon bonding in alkanes cc, alkenes cc and alkynes c u2261c. Compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen and single bonds acyclic alkanes. Solubility in nonpolar solvents, such as ether and acetone, is extensive. The longest hydrocarbon chain is selected and is termed as parent chain in case of alkanes.
Ii alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes georgia institute of. Dec 08, 2014 alkanes contain a single bond, alkenes contain a double bond, and alkynes contain a triple bond. Chapter 8 alkenes and alkynes i free download as powerpoint presentation. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information. In organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one. Solutions of bromine in ccl 4 have an intense redorange color. Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain one or more double bonds, while alkynes contain one or more triple bonds. Dr mohamed elnewehy definition and classification 4. For example, a c5h10 compound with one double bond at the first carbon would be called 1pentene pent indicating 5 carbons and ene indicating the double bond.